绿洲系统"三生"承载力驱动机制与模式的理论探讨

以全新的视角解释了绿洲系统生态-生产-生活承载力的内涵，从生态、经济与社会效益的角度分别以水资源、投资作为驱动因子分析了绿洲系统“三生”承载力的驱动机制，阐明了人口在绿洲系统“三生”承载力驱动机制中的双重作用。水资源、投资与人口共同影响着绿洲系统“三生”承载力的模式类型与更替机理，绿洲系统“三生”承载力模式类型的科学界定，对合理开发绿洲系统具有重要现实意义。     

基于因子分析的县域政府财政能力比较研究:来自重庆的例证

本文在构建县域政府财政能力评价指标体系的基础上,运用多元统计因子分析方法,以重庆市40个区县政府为例,综合测度各个区县县域政府的财政能力,得出县域政府财政能力不均衡的结论,并就破解县域政府财政能力不均衡问题提出了相应的对策建议。     

银行信贷资源错配与产能过剩

本文结合金融抑制和信贷配给理论,在分析我国银行业信贷资源错配原因的基础上,深入探讨了信贷资源错配对产能过剩的影响。在企业生产初期,银行对产能过剩行业中的企业发放大量低廉贷款导致过度投资;在企业试图退出产能过剩行业阶段,银行与政府联手设置高退出壁垒,加剧产能过剩问题。产能过剩问题的根源在于体制,银行信贷资源错配是造成体制性过剩背后重要的金融诱因。     

社会保险经办机构能力研究的回顾与反思

社会保险经办机构是社会保险体系的重要组成部分,其能力影响着社会保障政策效应的实现程度。当前国内外社会保险经办机构能力的研究主要集中于分析机构的性质及其能力体系的构成,提高能力的必要性和动因,影响能力的因素探究与对策建议三方面。学界应在强化基础理论探讨的同时,综合采用定量定性结合研究方法,构造出符合社会保险经办机构特点的能力评估体系。     

福建省中小企业信用担保机构发展瓶颈与对策

建立中小企业信用担保体系,是解决当前中小企业融资的有效途径之一。现阶段福建中小企业信用担保机构发展环境和发展势头良好,但面临可持续发展能力有限、代偿能力有限、违规经营乱象、与银行合作困难、内部风险控制能力较弱等发展瓶颈。因此,担保机构应提高自身的业务拓展能力和公司治理能力;政府应加强政策监管,完善信用评级工作,健全担保业多方风险分担机制和引导行业自律规范发展。     

新疆那拉提镇旅游生态足迹分析

近年来,那拉提镇旅游业发展迅速,已经成为当地社会经济的主要来源,并且规模巨大的旅游活动也吸引着各地旅游者的关注,但同时也会对旅游目的地的自然资源和生态环境造成压力和负面影响。文章运用生态足迹的理论与方法,测算出2012年那拉提镇旅游生态足迹为64 118.11 hm2,是旅游生态承载力的13.56倍,旅游生态赤字为59 390.79 hm2,说明旅游活动正在过度消耗那拉提镇资源环境,当地旅游业发展处于不平衡状态。     

促进区域财政自给能力均等化的税收制度研究

我国东中西部地区财政自给能力差异明显,这是地区经济发展水平、资源禀赋、产业结构不同等因素综合作用的结果。其中,税制缺陷是形成差异的重要原因。增值税地区利益的逆向调节、消费税征税范围的狭窄、资源税从量计税的弱点和税源税收的背离加剧了地区财政自给能力的失衡。因此,按照统筹区域发展的要求改革现行税制,便可缓解地区财政自给能力差距扩大的势头,使区域财政步入协调发展之路。     

Supplier Development Practices for Sustainability: A Multi‐Stakeholder Perspective

Supplier development for sustainability is a critical element of sustainable supply chain management and requires extensive multi‐stakeholder collaboration. This article establishes a conceptual four‐stage framework to analyse the collaborative mechanisms of supplier development practices, and presents an exploratory, qualitative analysis to identify the major contributors of sustainable supplier development practices, such as NGOs, industrial associations, consulting firms etc. Based on semi‐structured interviews about 63 organizations from different regions and industries, this article identifies three types of contributor: drivers, facilitators and inspectors. Instead of traditional stakeholder engagement processes, these contributors actively collaborate with buying firms and suppliers to design, implement and evaluate sustainable supplier development programs. The article then provides a matrix to describe the supply chain coverage and supplier performance of supplier development practices, given the absence or positive involvement of facilitators and inspectors. We conclude our study by suggesting future research directions as well as discussing managerial implications. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Knowledge diversity and coordination: The effect of intrafirm inventor task networks on absorption speed

Research Summary: We combine the absorptive capacity and social network theory approaches to predict how intrafirm “whole” network characteristics affect the firm's speed of absorption of external knowledge to produce inventions. We start from the widely accepted view that distant, externally‐developed knowledge is difficult to absorb into the focal firm's own knowledge production. We suggest that high levels of intrafirm inventor task network diversity and task network density are essential for a diversity of knowledge inputs and coordinated actions regarding knowledge transfer, which in turn, reduces problems related to the absorption of knowledge—especially in the case of knowledge that is distant from the focal firm. The results of an event history study of 113 pharmaceutical firms that engaged in technology in‐licensing from 1986 to 2003 provide general support for our hypotheses. Managerial Summary: Firms keen to keep up with an uncertain and ever‐changing industry environment, can benefit from the speedy introduction of inventions. We examine how firms absorb licensed‐in technologies to nurture the rapid development of own related inventions. We show that a firm's absorption speed depends on the characteristics of the internal collaboration networks among the firm's inventor employees. More specifically, technologically diverse and well‐connected inventor networks improve the firm's ability to absorb external technologies quickly. This applies especially to externally acquired technologies that are unfamiliar to the firm. Depending on the distance of the acquired technology from the focal firm combined with speed‐inducing inventor network characteristics, our estimates suggest that firms can reduce the time needed for absorption by several months.     

Assessing recreation carrying capacity of the environment attributes based on visitors’ willingness to pay

Recreation carrying capacity (RCC) is one of the most important indictors used in measuring the usage limits for the forest park resources. However, the consensus has not been reached with respect to the RCC’s content and its measuring metrics. In this paper, we attempt to establish a new RCC theoretical framework based on the demand theory of the tourism product characteristics. In the process, the choice experiment and orthogonal design methods are used in questionnaire designs and the conditional Logit model is used for parameter estimates. More than 700 park visitors are surveyed for data collection at the Shenyang National Forest park of Liaoning province in China. The primary park attributes being considered encompass vegetation, coverage, water quality, number of rubbish on the park trail path, admission fees, and congestion. The carrying capacity threshold for each specific attribute is identified.